Penal Substitutionary Atonement

Does Penal Substitution Divide the Trinity?

One of the sharpest objections to Penal Substitutionary Atonement (PSA) is that it “divides the Trinity.” Critics argue that if the Father pours wrath on the Son, it must mean that the Godhead itself is torn apart. Some even go so far as to call it divine cosmic child abuse.